If Windows & VLC can display synchronized Teletext Subtitles, LibreELEC & Kodi should do it too if implemented in its code ?
As I posted above - Kodi does pay Teletext subtitles synchronised.
I can get the subtitles in your file to play fine in Kodi. They play back synchronised with the audio and video, you just access them via the teletext menu, as they are teletext subtitles.
If you want to raise an issue on the Kodi GitHub explaining what doesn't work that you think should work - that's how Kodi gets improved.
Not sure what your windows comment relates to though - there's no inherent support for teletext subtitles within Windows now Windows Media Center has been removed. Windows Media Player doesn't have support AFAIK.