Tried one last time before going to sleep, finally got Hades to start and this time I got a message in the black void window:
systemd[1]: iptables.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'
after that I got the message that my main monitor will be disabled and it will switch to the HDMI output, which is the correct thing to happen and I was able to use Hades normally as before.
I have no idea if that message is in any way related to why all my other starts with Croques RC2 or Hades RC5 failed, but for some reason it worked this time.
Sadly I didn't get a debug output for the failed startup, but now with a succesful startup it finally wrote log files.
Hades has got my debug zip in another issue for my USB dongles for my mouse & keyboard, so maybe there could be a hint on that startup problem. https://github.com/hadesdevls/LibreELEC-Hades/issues/13