Thanks a lot for the logs and also your edid!
I could reproduce the issue here, it comes from the speaker allocation block in your edid - it reports left, right and LFE (which is not totally wrong but a bit weird as your soundbar only support 2 channel PCM) - and then the hdmi audio driver and kodi trip over that.
The easiest workaround is to simply remove the offending speaker allocation block from the edid (you don't need it, it's only needed for multi-channel PCM output which your soundbar doesn't support)
You can do this eg with AW EDID Editor (there are other programs available but I found that to be the most reliable and easy to use one and it also runs fine under Wine)
First ssh in and run getedid create. This will dump your current edid, save it to /storage/.config/firmware/edid/edid-HDMI-A-1.bin
Then copy this file over to your PC, open it in AW EDID Editor, change to the "CEA Extension" tab and remove the "Speaker Allocation" entry in "Instantiated Blocks", and save the changed edid.
You can also use the modified edid in the attached zip (I used the edid you posted) but keep in mind that if you change the TV, HDMI ports etc it might not match anymore and you could run into CEC issues etc - in that case you have to do the steps above.
Now copy the modified edid back to your RPi, overwriting the existing /storage/.config/firmware/edid/edid-HDMI-A-1.bin file.
Then run create-edid-cpio on your RPi - this will update /flash/edid.cpio so the edid is available early during boot as well.
Now reboot and HD passthrough should work fine.
Note: if you switch to a different TV / soundbar / AVR / ... you have to remove the edid changes first - simply run getedid delete on your RPi and reboot to do that.
so long,
Hias