If I remove the microsd and place it in a card reader can I extract the zip folder directly into storage/.kodi/addons/service.libreelec.settings and expect the fix to work on the next boot?
You will need an operating system with that card reader that can read/write EXT4 drives, because Windows is too dumb to understand Linux partitions. By default anyways. Any USB bootable 'live' Linux distro such as Ubuntu can do that for you.
but I'm unfamiliar on how to transfer the zip file and to where before using the terminal commands given in the above link
Once running, you can do all the above in the live Linux distro with a couple of mouse clicks via the File Manager in the Linux distro.