...when I check the resolution in Kodi it says i'm at 704x240, which I think is 240p? I can't change or adjust the resolution to get 480i.
Don't trust in the Kodi resolution here. It's an exotic adapter, and to my knowledge you're the first VGA 666 user on LE. You said "the VGA-to-SCART adapter expects a 480p signal". So obviously the VGA adapter delivers just that.