Because it still stutters with LE 9.0.2 I did some more tests:
1) I wrote the LE 9.0.2 image (Generic x86) to a USB stick and booted from it, entering "live" at the boot prompt. I did not change any settings, except the display frame rate (changed to 50 Hz). So I had a clean system where no addons or wrong settings could cause any problems. I started playback of the 25fps and 50fps test videos (mentioned earlier in this thread) and both stuttered.
2) I did the same as before but with the LE 8.2.5 image. Result: No stuttering.
3) I created a Linux live USB stick (openSUSE Leap 15.0 KDE), installed Kodi (18.2), started Kodi (in fullscreen mode), changed the display frame rate to 50 Hz and started playback of the two test videos. Result: No stuttering!
So, because there is no stuttering with Kodi 18.2 and openSUSE, it looks like the problem is somewhere in LibreELEC.