I tested and saw that extFAT does not work 😞. NTFS doesn't even hold out hope for an older kernel.
Well, the fact is that both file systems supported: exFAT and NTFS. Most likely, your box is not able to supply enough current for the HDD, so it won't start at all. But since the factory DC adapter of these boxes is usually 5V/2A, there is nothing strange about this.