One way of manually expanding the current system partition is to use a tool called Gparted. You can create a Linux bootable USB stick and adjust your disk partitions with it.
I agree. If you can boot from an external device, Gparted is the right way to expand the partition.
Can you boot from an external device?
Or does the LibreELEC installer start, but shows an error when trying to install?
If the installer starts, what's the error message?