I also tried it on LibreELEC 8 that's running on a Raspberry Pi 3 via USB cable as well and it works fine!
On the Rpi3, the controller is detected and works out of the box. The Xbox logo in the center is lit.
On the Odroid C2, the controller is not detected and the Xbox logo is not lit! It does get power though, because when I click the logo it flashes for a while.