Can't thank you enough, chewitt, for the qukck and expert response! The Ugreen ASIX-based adapters work perfectly (almost -- see below) with the test version. You can feel confident in pushing out the change.
(I'm assuming that you only made this update to the Rpi4 version. The problem was still there when I tried the 11.80 Rpi5 version.)
I'm going to return the RT8153-based adapters that require the usb_modeswitch fiddling, and keep the (more expensive) Ugreen 20256 adapters that don't.
There is a semi-unrelated problem, though. After switching between interfaces (both with static IPs, if it makes any difference), and accessing a local or remote network resource, the UI hangs for periods of 30 seconds to several minutes. Also, many of the icons disappear. The o/s is not hung, since I can still ssh into it and enter commands. I think this is unrelated to the USB adapters, since I saw the same problem when switching between wired and wireless interfaces.
Here's a debug log that (hopefully) will show the problem: