I am using an LG 22MN430M-B monitor connected with an HDMI cable. However the problem still persists when using a different monitor with a different cable.
I am using a newly installed LibreELEC (official) 11.0.6 image with Linux 6.1.38 kernel. The only change I have made is to enable the hardware watchdog by setting RuntimeWatchdogSec in /etc/systemd/system.conf, and I enabled SSH access. To test the watchdog I run echo c> /proc/sysrq-trigger to trigger a kernel panic.