Actually, by chance i think I managed to catch the errors with those logging commands
[ 590.233378] usb 4-1: cmd cmplt err -71
[ 595.459902] scsi host0: uas_pre_reset: timed out
[ 595.460150] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#16 uas_zap_pending 0 uas-tag 1 inflight: CMD
[ 595.460154] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#16 CDB: opcode=0x28 28 00 00 01 06 51 00 00 20 00
[ 595.460166] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#16 UNKNOWN(0x2003) Result: hostbyte=0x01 driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=5s
[ 595.460174] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#16 CDB: opcode=0x28 28 00 00 01 06 51 00 00 20 00
[ 595.460177] I/O error, dev sda, sector 67153 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
[ 595.460216] device offline error, dev sda, sector 67153 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
[ 595.460230] I/O error, dev loop0, sector 36118 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x800 phys_seg 2 prio class 2
[ 595.460242] SQUASHFS error: Failed to read block 0x11a2cbc: -5
[ 595.460245] SQUASHFS error: Unable to read fragment cache entry [11a2cbc]
[ 595.460288] SQUASHFS error: Unable to read fragment cache entry [11a2cbc]
[ 595.460290] SQUASHFS error: Unable to read page, block 11a2cbc, size 3563
[ 595.460608] SQUASHFS error: Unable to read fragment cache entry [11a2cbc]
[ 595.460611] SQUASHFS error: Unable to read page, block 11a2cbc, size 3563
[ 595.463291] device offline error, dev sda, sector 0 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 0 prio class 2
[ 595.464815] EXT4-fs (sda2): shut down requested (2)
[ 595.464826] Aborting journal on device sda2-8.
[ 595.464877] device offline error, dev sda, sector 1089538 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
[ 595.464895] device offline error, dev sda, sector 1089538 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
[ 595.464900] Buffer I/O error on dev sda2, logical block 16385, lost sync page write
[ 595.464925] JBD2: I/O error when updating journal superblock for sda2-8.
[ 595.523274] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Synchronizing SCSI cache
[ 595.723261] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Synchronize Cache(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=0x07 driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[ 595.723557] usb 4-1: Disable of device-initiated U1 failed.
[ 595.723577] usb 4-1: Disable of device-initiated U2 failed.
[ 595.724199] usb 4-1: Enable of device-initiated U1 failed.
[ 595.724328] usb 4-1: Enable of device-initiated U2 failed.
[ 595.920077] usb 4-1: reset SuperSpeed USB device number 2 using xhci-hcd
[ 595.940335] scsi host1: uas
[ 595.941286] scsi 1:0:0:0: Direct-Access JMicron Tech 0214 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[ 595.944453] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] 937703088 512-byte logical blocks: (480 GB/447 GiB)
[ 595.944460] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] 4096-byte physical blocks
[ 595.945170] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[ 595.945175] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 53 00 00 08
[ 595.945554] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[ 595.945775] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Preferred minimum I/O size 4096 bytes
[ 595.945778] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Optimal transfer size 33553920 bytes not a multiple of preferred minimum block size (4096 bytes)
[ 596.440014] sdb: sdb1 sdb2
[ 596.440578] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk
[ 596.617309] EXT4-fs (sdb2): recovery complete
[ 596.618333] EXT4-fs (sdb2): mounted filesystem 69675956-de9a-48ac-b10c-13fcd7f42e78 r/w with ordered data mode. Quota mode: disabled.
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LibreELEC (community): nightly-20231231-dfd843f (RPi5.aarch64)
LibreELEC:~ # journalctl -f
Jan 03 09:14:40 LibreELEC systemd[1]: systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service: Deactivated successfully.
Jan 03 09:14:40 LibreELEC systemd[1]: Finished systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service.
Jan 03 09:14:40 LibreELEC systemd[1]: Started kodi.service.
Jan 03 09:14:40 LibreELEC systemd[1]: Reached target kodi.target.
Jan 03 09:14:40 LibreELEC systemd[1]: Startup finished in 1.971s (kernel) + 5.817s (userspace) = 7.789s.
Jan 03 09:14:40 LibreELEC (kodi.sh)[831]: kodi.service: Referenced but unset environment variable evaluates to an empty string: KODI_DEBUG
Jan 03 09:14:41 LibreELEC kernel: kodi.bin[835]: memfd_create() called without MFD_EXEC or MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL set
Jan 03 09:15:07 LibreELEC systemd[1]: systemd-hostnamed.service: Deactivated successfully.
Jan 03 09:15:16 LibreELEC sshd[899]: Accepted password for root from 192.168.50.87 port 50225 ssh2
Jan 03 09:17:21 LibreELEC sshd[926]: Accepted password for root from 192.168.50.87 port 50228 ssh2
Jan 03 09:24:23 LibreELEC kernel: usb 4-1: cmd cmplt err -71
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: scsi host0: uas_pre_reset: timed out
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#16 uas_zap_pending 0 uas-tag 1 inflight: CMD
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#16 CDB: opcode=0x28 28 00 00 01 06 51 00 00 20 00
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#16 UNKNOWN(0x2003) Result: hostbyte=0x01 driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=5s
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#16 CDB: opcode=0x28 28 00 00 01 06 51 00 00 20 00
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: I/O error, dev sda, sector 67153 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: device offline error, dev sda, sector 67153 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: I/O error, dev loop0, sector 36118 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x800 phys_seg 2 prio class 2
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: SQUASHFS error: Failed to read block 0x11a2cbc: -5
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: SQUASHFS error: Unable to read fragment cache entry [11a2cbc]
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: SQUASHFS error: Unable to read fragment cache entry [11a2cbc]
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: SQUASHFS error: Unable to read page, block 11a2cbc, size 3563
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: SQUASHFS error: Unable to read fragment cache entry [11a2cbc]
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: SQUASHFS error: Unable to read page, block 11a2cbc, size 3563
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC smbd[1149]: [2024/01/03 09:24:28.370165, 0] ../../lib/util/charset/codepoints.c:16649(get_conv_handle)
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC smbd[1149]: dos charset 'CP850' unavailable - using ASCII
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: device offline error, dev sda, sector 0 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 0 prio class 2
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: EXT4-fs (sda2): shut down requested (2)
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: Aborting journal on device sda2-8.
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: device offline error, dev sda, sector 1089538 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: device offline error, dev sda, sector 1089538 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 1 prio class 2
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: Buffer I/O error on dev sda2, logical block 16385, lost sync page write
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: JBD2: I/O error when updating journal superblock for sda2-8.
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC systemd[1]: Failed to resolve symlink /storage/.config/system.d, ignoring: Input/output error
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC systemd[1]: Failed to open "/storage/.config/system.d", ignoring: Input/output error
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Synchronizing SCSI cache
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Synchronize Cache(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=0x07 driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: usb 4-1: Disable of device-initiated U1 failed.
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: usb 4-1: Disable of device-initiated U2 failed.
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: usb 4-1: Enable of device-initiated U1 failed.
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: usb 4-1: Enable of device-initiated U2 failed.
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: usb 4-1: reset SuperSpeed USB device number 2 using xhci-hcd
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: scsi host1: uas
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: scsi 1:0:0:0: Direct-Access JMicron Tech 0214 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] 937703088 512-byte logical blocks: (480 GB/447 GiB)
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] 4096-byte physical blocks
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 53 00 00 08
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Preferred minimum I/O size 4096 bytes
Jan 03 09:24:28 LibreELEC kernel: sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Optimal transfer size 33553920 bytes not a multiple of preferred minimum block size (4096 bytes)
Jan 03 09:24:29 LibreELEC kernel: sdb: sdb1 sdb2
Jan 03 09:24:29 LibreELEC kernel: sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk
Jan 03 09:24:29 LibreELEC systemd[1]: Created slice system-udevil\x2dmount.slice.
Jan 03 09:24:29 LibreELEC systemd[1]: Starting [email protected]...
Jan 03 09:24:29 LibreELEC systemd[1]: Starting [email protected]...
Jan 03 09:24:29 LibreELEC udevil[1171]: Mounted /dev/sdb1 at /media/LIBREELEC
Jan 03 09:24:29 LibreELEC systemd[1]: Finished [email protected].
Jan 03 09:24:29 LibreELEC udevil[1172]: Mounted /dev/sdb2 at /media/STORAGE
Jan 03 09:24:29 LibreELEC kernel: EXT4-fs (sdb2): recovery complete
Jan 03 09:24:29 LibreELEC kernel: EXT4-fs (sdb2): mounted filesystem 69675956-de9a-48ac-b10c-13fcd7f42e78 r/w with ordered data mode. Quota mode: disabled.
Jan 03 09:24:29 LibreELEC systemd[1]: Finished [email protected].
Jan 03 09:24:30 LibreELEC kodi.sh[835]: [*** LOG ERROR #0001 ***] [2024-01-03 09:24:30] [general] Failed flush to file /storage/.kodi/temp/kodi.log: Input/output error
Jan 03 09:25:44 LibreELEC sshd[1227]: sshd: no hostkeys available -- exiting.
Jan 03 09:26:21 LibreELEC sshd[1247]: sshd: no hostkeys available -- exiting.
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So that seems to be what happens when the drive unmounts. That final error is me trying to ssh with a third terminal