For two and a half years I have a self-powered usb 3.0 hub running that powers a 5TB hard drive and six months ago I added a second 5TB hard drive, it also powers some tuners. Well, I have no problem. What is the secret?:
(1) The hub is connected to an i5 mini PC with LibreELEC 9.2.6 that works as a server 24/7 and is never turned off even though it automatically restarts every day at seven in the morning. The hard drives automatically power off when not in use for three minutes, and the only hard drive left permanently working is the internal 256GB SSD.
(2) The external disks are formatted in EXT4 because it works very well with Linux in general and with LE in particular.
(3) I never disconnect hard drives and access is done via the network, usually with SFTP protocol for reading/writing, and WebDAV for reading, FOR ALL DEVICES, including smartphones, TV boxes, smart TVs, and PCs with Windows or Linux . All the management of users, quotas and permissions is carried out by the drakkan/sftpgo docker service running within LE for network access, or directly by LE for internal access (backup services, remote synchronization, etc.).
(4) Once or twice a year I check and repair the hard drives on a Linux PC but have never encountered any problems.
I do not have enough knowledge to comment on the virtues of the NTFS format but what I do know is that Windows plays havoc with hard drives and I am not surprised that you suffer massive corruptions; Solomon's solution is to disallow direct hard drive access to Windows, and allow this only via network sharing.
Regarding exFAT I know enough to tell you not to use this, it is very very very bad.
Good luck!