I think it's a kind of a bug.
What xrandr is returning:
KODI:~ # xrandr
Screen 0: minimum 8 x 8, current 3840 x 2160, maximum 32767 x 32767
DP1 connected primary 3840x2160+0+0 (normal left inverted right x axis y axis) 1210mm x 680mm
1920x1080 60.00 + 50.00 59.94 30.00 25.00 24.00 29.97 23.98
4096x2160 30.00 25.00 24.00 29.97 23.98
3840x2160 30.00* 25.00 24.00 29.97 23.98
1920x1080i 60.00 50.00 59.94
1680x1050 59.88
1600x900 60.00
1280x1024 75.02 60.02
1440x900 59.90
1366x768 59.79
1280x800 59.91
1152x864 75.00
1280x720 60.00 50.00 59.94
1024x768 75.03 70.07 60.00
832x624 74.55
800x600 72.19 75.00 60.32
720x576 50.00
720x480 60.00 59.94
640x480 75.00 72.81 66.67 60.00 59.94
720x400 70.08
HDMI1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
HDMI2 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
VIRTUAL1 disconnected (normal left inverted right x axis y axis)
So horizontal resolution of 4096 (my TV does support that but cuts side edges of the picture) and 3840 are indeed limited to 30Hz.
But let's see this:
KODI:~ # cat /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/drm/card0/card0-DP-1/edid | edid-decode
Extracted contents:
header: 00 ff ff ff ff ff ff 00
serial number: 4c 2d 90 0b 01 00 00 00 02 18
version: 01 03
basic params: 80 79 44 78 0a
chroma info: ee 91 a3 54 4c 99 26 0f 50 54
established: bd ef 80
standard: 71 4f 81 c0 81 00 81 80 95 00 a9 c0 b3 00 01 01
descriptor 1: 02 3a 80 18 71 38 2d 40 58 2c 45 00 50 1d 74 00 00 1e
descriptor 2: 01 1d 80 d0 72 1c 16 20 10 2c 25 80 50 1d 74 00 00 9e
descriptor 3: 00 00 00 fd 00 18 4b 0f 79 1e 00 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20
descriptor 4: 00 00 00 fc 00 53 41 4d 53 55 4e 47 0a 20 20 20 20 20
extensions: 01
checksum: a5
EDID version: 1.3
Manufacturer: SAM Model b90 Serial Number 1
Made in week 2 of 2014
Digital display
Maximum image size: 121 cm x 68 cm
Gamma: 2.20
RGB color display
First detailed timing is preferred timing
Display x,y Chromaticity:
Red: 0.6396, 0.3300
Green: 0.2998, 0.5996
Blue: 0.1503, 0.0595
White: 0.3125, 0.3291
Established timings supported:
720x400@70Hz 9:5 HorFreq: 31469 Hz Clock: 28.320 MHz
640x480@60Hz 4:3 HorFreq: 31469 Hz Clock: 25.175 MHz
640x480@67Hz 4:3 HorFreq: 35000 Hz Clock: 30.240 MHz
640x480@72Hz 4:3 HorFreq: 37900 Hz Clock: 31.500 MHz
640x480@75Hz 4:3 HorFreq: 37500 Hz Clock: 31.500 MHz
800x600@60Hz 4:3 HorFreq: 37900 Hz Clock: 40.000 MHz
800x600@72Hz 4:3 HorFreq: 48100 Hz Clock: 50.000 MHz
800x600@75Hz 4:3 HorFreq: 46900 Hz Clock: 49.500 MHz
832x624@75Hz 4:3 HorFreq: 49726 Hz Clock: 57.284 MHz
1024x768@60Hz 4:3 HorFreq: 48400 Hz Clock: 65.000 MHz
1024x768@70Hz 4:3 HorFreq: 56500 Hz Clock: 75.000 MHz
1024x768@75Hz 4:3 HorFreq: 60000 Hz Clock: 78.750 MHz
1280x1024@75Hz 5:4 HorFreq: 80000 Hz Clock: 135.000 MHz
1152x870@75Hz 192:145 HorFreq: 67500 Hz Clock: 108.000 MHz
Standard timings supported:
1152x864@75Hz 4:3 HorFreq: 67500 Hz Clock: 108.000 MHz
1280x720@60Hz 16:9
1280x800@60Hz 16:10
1280x1024@60Hz 5:4 HorFreq: 64000 Hz Clock: 108.000 MHz
1440x900@60Hz 16:10 HorFreq: 55500 Hz Clock: 88.750 MHz
1600x900@60Hz 16:9
1680x1050@60Hz 16:10 HorFreq: 64700 Hz Clock: 119.000 MHz
Detailed mode: Clock 148.500 MHz, 1872 mm x 1053 mm
1920 2008 2052 2200 hborder 0
1080 1084 1089 1125 vborder 0
+hsync +vsync
VertFreq: 60 Hz, HorFreq: 67500 Hz
Detailed mode: Clock 74.250 MHz, 1872 mm x 1053 mm
1920 2448 2492 2640 hborder 0
540 542 547 562 vborder 0
+hsync +vsync interlaced
VertFreq: 50 Hz, HorFreq: 28125 Hz
Monitor ranges (GTF): 24-75Hz V, 15-121kHz H, max dotclock 300MHz
Monitor name: SAMSUNG
Has 1 extension blocks
Checksum: 0xa5 (valid)
CTA extension block
Extension version: 3
94 bytes of CTA data
Video data block
VIC 97 3840x2160@60Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 135000 Hz Clock: 594.000 MHz
VIC 16 1920x1080@60Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 67500 Hz Clock: 148.500 MHz
VIC 31 1920x1080@50Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 56250 Hz Clock: 148.500 MHz
VIC 4 1280x720@60Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 45000 Hz Clock: 74.250 MHz
VIC 19 1280x720@50Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 37500 Hz Clock: 74.250 MHz
VIC 5 1920x1080i@60Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 33750 Hz Clock: 74.250 MHz
VIC 20 1920x1080i@50Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 28125 Hz Clock: 74.250 MHz
VIC 32 1920x1080@24Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 27000 Hz Clock: 74.250 MHz
VIC 33 1920x1080@25Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 28125 Hz Clock: 74.250 MHz
VIC 34 1920x1080@30Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 33750 Hz Clock: 74.250 MHz
VIC 93 3840x2160@24Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 54000 Hz Clock: 297.000 MHz
VIC 94 3840x2160@25Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 56250 Hz Clock: 297.000 MHz
VIC 95 3840x2160@30Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 67500 Hz Clock: 297.000 MHz
VIC 96 3840x2160@50Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 112500 Hz Clock: 594.000 MHz
VIC 101 4096x2160@50Hz 256:135 HorFreq: 112500 Hz Clock: 594.000 MHz
VIC 102 4096x2160@60Hz 256:135 HorFreq: 135000 Hz Clock: 594.000 MHz
VIC 98 4096x2160@24Hz 256:135 HorFreq: 54000 Hz Clock: 297.000 MHz
VIC 99 4096x2160@25Hz 256:135 HorFreq: 56250 Hz Clock: 297.000 MHz
VIC 100 4096x2160@30Hz 256:135 HorFreq: 67500 Hz Clock: 297.000 MHz
VIC 7 1440x480i@60Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 15734 Hz Clock: 27.000 MHz
VIC 22 1440x576i@50Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 15625 Hz Clock: 27.000 MHz
VIC 3 720x480@60Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 31469 Hz Clock: 27.000 MHz
VIC 18 720x576@50Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 31250 Hz Clock: 27.000 MHz
Audio data block
Linear PCM, max channels 2
Supported sample rates (kHz): 192 176.4 96 88.2 48 44.1 32
Supported sample sizes (bits): 24 20 16
Linear PCM, max channels 8
Supported sample rates (kHz): 192 176.4 96 88.2 48 44.1 32
Supported sample sizes (bits): 24 20 16
AC-3, max channels 6
Supported sample rates (kHz): 48 44.1 32
Maximum bit rate: 640 kHz
DTS, max channels 7
Supported sample rates (kHz): 96 88.2 48 44.1 32
Maximum bit rate: 1536 kHz
One Bit Audio, max channels 6
Supported sample rates (kHz): 44.1
Dolby Digital+, max channels 8
Supported sample rates (kHz): 48 44.1
MAT (MLP), max channels 8
Supported sample rates (kHz): 192 176.4 96 88.2 48 44.1
DTS-HD, max channels 8
Supported sample rates (kHz): 192 96 48
Speaker allocation data block
Speaker map:
FL/FR - Front Left/Right
LFE - Low Frequency Effects
FC - Front Center
BL/BR - Back Left/Right
BC - Back Center
RLC/RRC - Rear Left/Right of Center
Extended tag: Video capability data block
YCbCr quantization: No Data (0)
RGB quantization: No Data (0)
PT scan behaviour: No Data (0)
IT scan behaviour: Support both over- and underscan (3)
CE scan behaviour: Support both over- and underscan (3)
Vendor-specific data block, OUI 000c03 (HDMI)
Source physical address 1.1.0.0
Supports_AI
DC_36bit
DC_30bit
DC_Y444
Maximum TMDS clock: 300MHz
Extended HDMI video details:
3D present
3D-capable-VIC mask present
Base EDID image size is in units of 1cm
HDMI VIC 1 3840x2160@30Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 67500 Hz Clock: 297.000 MHz
HDMI VIC 2 3840x2160@25Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 56250 Hz Clock: 297.000 MHz
HDMI VIC 3 3840x2160@24Hz 16:9 HorFreq: 54000 Hz Clock: 297.000 MHz
HDMI VIC 4 4096x2160@24Hz 256:135 HorFreq: 54000 Hz Clock: 297.000 MHz
3D: Side-by-side (half, horizontal)
3D VIC indices: 1 2 3 4 7 8 9
VIC index 1 supports top-and-bottom
VIC index 2 supports top-and-bottom
VIC index 8 supports top-and-bottom
VIC index 9 supports top-and-bottom
VIC index 5 supports frame packing
VIC index 6 supports frame packing
Vendor-specific data block, OUI c45dd8 (HDMI Forum)
Version: 1
Maximum TMDS Character Rate: 600MHz
SCDC Present
Supports 12-bits/component Deep Color 4:2:0 Pixel Encoding
Supports 10-bits/component Deep Color 4:2:0 Pixel Encoding
Extended tag: YCbCr 4:2:0 capability map data block
VSD Index 0
VSD Index 13
VSD Index 14
VSD Index 15
Underscans PC formats by default
Basic audio support
Supports YCbCr 4:4:4
Supports YCbCr 4:2:2
3 native detailed modes
Detailed mode: Clock 85.500 MHz, 1872 mm x 1053 mm
1366 1436 1579 1792 hborder 0
768 771 774 798 vborder 0
+hsync +vsync
VertFreq: 59 Hz, HorFreq: 47712 Hz
Checksum: 0x75 (valid)
One or more of the timings is out of range of the Monitor Ranges:
Vertical Freq: 24 - 75 Hz
Horizontal Freq: 15625 - 135000 Hz
Maximum Clock: 594.000 MHz
You can clearly see that 4K is supported by my TV at 50 and 60Hz too. Why is this ignored by xrandr - no idea.
Long story short I added this to /storage/.config/autostart.sh:
#!/bin/sh
xrandr --newmode "3840x2160p60" 594.00 3840 4016 4104 4400 2160 2168 2178 2250 +hsync +vsync
xrandr --addmode DP1 3840x2160p60
And now I can select 60Hz for 4K in Kodi. But this is manual workaround.