Hey Portisch,
Thank you very much! I fixed it with your "standard-fixed-uboot". I had to understand that the uboot-file is not loaded from the sd (so not the FILE u-boot.bin) but from sector 0 on the sd. after dd-ing the ...sd.bin on the sd it booted rightaway and I burned the u-boot.bin (from you) to the flash as discribed in the post from BUMERC
Is the new U-Boot you provided above any better?
The PCB was green and the lable said "CZ | 2G - 16G | 9377" (from memory since my case is already closed)!
So thanks again, now I will test the Poweron-Issue!
Toxic